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Tape the ruler to the wall. Report DMCA Overview Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms, is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms, , the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. If you determine that experimental errors are influencing your results, carefully rethink the design of your experiments. If the KE is the same as they hit the ground the energy stored in the ball as elastic potential energy will be the same also. Preparation: Draw a ruler with high visibility on a roll of paper about 8 inches wide and 6 feet tall. Is your hypothesis correct? Bouncing Ball Experiment Our simple experiment is to drop a ping pong ball weighed at 3 grams from a height of 1 metre then 90cm, 80cm, 70cm, Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. Both potential and kinetic energy have units of Joules (J). Sometimes the designer of an experiment can miss the obvious. Yes, as the ball receives a force from the ground due to collision, which causes the ball to bounce off the ground. An elastic surface such as rubber and a very hard surface such as concrete will result the highest bounce level. A) Find the total distance of travel until the ball hits the ground for the 5th time. This motion can be described using a geometric sequence, as the height of the ball after each bounce depends on the initial height from which the ball fell. will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Also the ball flattening upon impact doesnt have to be taken into account whereas if one was measuring from the top of the ball as it hits the floor to the top of the ball before dropping it or at the top of its arc after bouncing or the middle of the ball as it hits the ground to the middle of the ball before dropping it or the middle of the ball at the top of its bounce then the fact that the ball flattens momentarily on impact with the floor would have to be taken into account. The sum of the two, mechanical energy, stays the same ( is conserved.). It is used to determine what the variable changed. Yes, as the ball is oscillating about the equilibrium position (in height) and goes back to its initial position after a period of time. The acceleration on the ball is the acceleration of gravity, which acts downwards on the ball. Controlled variables are air temperature, air flow, air pressure where you perform your tests. Also the facts that there were no anomalies and that all of the points were very close to the line of best fit show that the experiment was relatively accurate. Draw a graph of bounce height Vs drop height. Specially look for parts that discuss the gas pressure and physical properties of gases. A totally accurate experiment would have a variation between results equal to zero however an experiment that is totally accurate needs to be conducted under conditions where air pressure and temperature remained constant, error produced by the ball falling on different parts of the linoleum floor tile (which was not totally even and thus produces inaccurate results) and human error removed by dropping the ball onto a uniform surface and using machinery to record the height to which the ball bounced to. The selection of balls for official games in most sports (esp. Free Bouncing Ball Experiment Essays and Papers | 123 Help Me Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of, it follows the gradient of the graph change in h. . As drag is a squared function, proportional to the square of the velocity, it is impossible to calculate the velocity that the ball hits the floor at. A bouncing ball is an example of oscillatory motion as the ball is oscillating about the equilibrium position. There you will find helpful links that describe different types of science projects, scientific method, variables, hypothesis, graph, abstract and all other general basics that you need to know. This means that the faster that the ball travels the larger the force of air resistance upon it. This was when the ball was falling in air. Use the pencil and ruler to connect the incoming and outgoing trajectories of the marble to the point where the marble bounced off the wood. \[S_{\infty} = \frac{\alpha(1-r^{\infty})}{1-r} = \frac{\alpha(1-0)}{1-r} \qquad S_{\infty} = \frac{\alpha}{1-r}\]. his the height of the balls bounce. This means that KE is the same for both balls when each ball hits the ground. At 2ft, the basketball bounced 15 inches, the tennis ball bounced 12 inches, and the golf. Your challenge will be to find a way to determine your balls e, and the initial height of the ball when you first dropped it. An increase in h1, assuming g and m stay constant, results in an increase in m g h1 which results in an increase in GPE. Then when dropping the ball again eye level will be kept level with the blue tack thus avoiding parallax errors. of the users don't pass the Bouncing Ball Example quiz! The The only difference between the balls is that the ball dropped from a higher height gives out more thermal energy. The ball moves upwards, reaching stage 1, i.e., maximum height, and its velocity is momentarily zero. At 3ft, the basketball bounced 20 inches, the tennis ball bounced. How well a ball bounces deals with its coefficient of restitution. WebThe main variables in a science experiment are the independent variable, the dependent variable and the control variables. The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of the final to initial speed between two bodies after the collision. For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not taken into account when taking the average of the middle three. This list is called an experimental procedure. Bouncing Ball Example: Experiment, Formula, Force, Motion Based on your gathered information, make an educated guess about what types of things affect the system you are working with. From this I am able to determine that the experiment was very accurate. This is because it is the easiest and quickest variable to alter. This means for the ball to reach terminal velocity the drag force has to be bigger and for the drag force to be bigger the ball has to fall faster (so that more air particles hit the ball every second). The last term is also known as the nth term of a geometric progression; n is the number of terms and a is the first term while Sn is the sum of the terms in the sequence as shown in the equation below. Aim:To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of the final to the initial relative speed between two objects after they collide. WebControl variables include the size of pots, the type of soil and the position in a room. However if two results are recorded that do not fit the trend of other results nor are close to results recorded for that height then the experiments accuracy would be brought into doubt. WebVariables: Height from which the ball is dropped Mass of the ball Material ball is made from External factors, i.e. changing air density, temperature The surface onto which the ball The three trials at each height are then averaged, and the average bounce height is graphed versus the drop height. The only difference is that no experimental variables are changed. If you are using windows sound recorder program, you can view the recorded waves with an accuracy of 0.01 second. We also noted after we finished the experiment that the student taking measurements sometimes stood above the height when taking the measurement and sometimes kneeled on the floor so they had a different angle on the meter stick, which may have affected the measurement. h1will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. Even a specific ball may bounce different heights at different times or different locations. Another experiment would be necessary to determine this for certain. This is because as the ball goes faster it passes through a greater volume of air each second. A control variable is any factor that is controlled or held constant during an experiment. As energy cannot be created or destroyed it follows that the energy must have come from the energy that the ball possesses. 1. Use two people to measure the results; one person to drop the ball and one to measure the height to which it reaches after bouncing. As the ball has less KE and is travelling slower it becomes stationary faster at the top of its arc. So once you know how to calculate KE and GPE, it is simple to calculate their sum, E. KE of a dropped ball changes as it falls. When the ball rebounds, its stored energy reappears and it leaps higher into the air than it would have had you dropped it a shorter distance. Above this point the height all balls will bounce to will not be directly proportional to the height they are dropped from, but the increase in the height they bounce to will increase more slowly in proportion to the height they are dropped from compared to the increase between lower heights before the ball shows signs of approaching its terminal velocity before it hits the ground. Air pressure will affect the balls fall slightly as the concentration of air particles per cubic meter varies with air pressure. In my science fair experiment, the golf ball overall was the ball that bounced the highest. Find sections related to potential energy, elasticity and springs. Experiment 2 is for testing the effect of air pressure. Design an experiment to test each hypothesis. \(v^2 = 2 \cdot g \cdot hv = \sqrt{2 \cdot 9.81 \frac{m}{s^2} \cdot 3 m} = 7.67 \frac{m}{s}\). By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. Research questions pose a question about the For the lowest three points air resistance is approximately equal to zero due to the ball having a low velocity, as it was dropped from a low height, and therefore hits less air particles per second than a ball traveling at a faster speed. WebDrop the ball from the line between cinder blocks/bricks to make the measurements more accurate. Several balls, medium-sized super balls, hollow rubber balls, solid rubber balls, tennis balls, golf balls, baseballs, and whatever other types of balls are available. Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms-1 is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms-1 and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms-1. Studying tables and graphs, we can see trends that tell us how different variables cause our observations. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h, in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h, As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. Variables are the factors that are changed, measured or controlled. Removing the maximum and minimum results and taking an average of the middle three results also provided more accurate results. The motion of the ball can be split into different stages depending on the direction of the velocity vector; these stages are listed below. Ball_Bounce - West Virginia University Variables are For example, we could have used a ruler on the top to help us read how high up the tennis ball bounced, and we could have made sure the partner taking measurements did so from a consistent height. To do that use the scroll button to start, then use arrow keys to move your wave 0.1 second left or right. The process of obtaining information by using the senses is called a/an. \(Area = \frac{1}{2} \cdot base \cdot length\), \(Area = 0.5 m \cdot 50 m \cdot 50 m = 1250 m^3\). What Effects the Bounce of a Dropped Ball In this experiment you will test the bounce of a dropped ball for different surface hardness. Dropping a ball from different heights Dropping a ball from different heights could affect The Particular experiment is about : How does the drop height of a ball affects the bounce height of the ball. This is because the ball starts with more GPE. Is the measurement method questionable or unreliable? It was decided that the first drop would start at 2m off the floor and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10 cm off the floor. The ball has reached its terminal velocity and cannot fall any faster (unless dropped in a vacuum). Controlled Variables: Bouncy ball used, surface bounced off of, technique in which ball was dropped (initial height was measured from base of ball). WebThis experiment,is an investigation into the maximum height of the bounce of a ping pong ball when it is first released.This is because of the unpredictability of the bounce not always reaching the same height.This we can assume their are many factors effecting the bounce of the ping pong ball.The following experiment will determine how different These balls do not bounce as well as balls with high air pressure. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (CR) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v22) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v12): If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h1 and CR. Material that you may test are: Carpet, Rubber matte, ply wood, sponge, Styrofoam, another ball, . This will be repeated five times, possibly more (for accuracy), for each height and the top and bottom results will be discounted. The slope of the line in graph 1 was found to be 0.5. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. This is a sample on how to write the results, conclusion and make charts. A controlled variable is one which the researcher holds constant (controls) during an experiment. Using the trends in your experimental data and your experimental observations, try to answer your original questions. Purpose This means it will be travelling the same speed when it hits the ground. It will be vinyl tiling. The terminal speed is the maximum speed reached when an object is dropped from a great height. What purpose does a control serve? Our dependent variable was. As the ball is accelerating due to gravity, at 9.81m/s2it is constantly getting faster and therefore the drag force gets bigger and bigger. Physics Ia on Bouncing Ball When a player dribbles a basketball, as Kobe Bryant does here on the 2012 U.S. men's Olympic team, the ball actually transfers some of its energy on each Prior to the sample task, students investigated investigated forms of energy and energy transfers and transformations. Is a bouncing ball an example of Newton's third law? The following is a college level project, but some grade 9 to 12 students can also complete this with no problem. To set up the , v is greater therefore KE is greater by a larger amount). It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. In air considerations have to be taken into account such as air resistance but even so the rough height to which it will bounce to can be predicted before dropping the ball. From this it can be seen that using the average of the middle three results is more accurate than using the average of all five, as it automatically discounts most anomalies. Perform this test in a Gym or anywhere else where you have a hard surface and an accessible wall. Ramp and ball, controlled study lab report Repeat your tests 9 more times and each time lower the release height for 6 inches. It pushes downward on the floor and the floor pushes upward on it. It is always important for students, parents and teachers to know a good source for science related equipment and supplies they need for their science activities. 8. Find out about the physics of a dropped ball. Additionally we were able to practice reading a lab, taking data and making a graph. As the ball falls through the air, the Law of Conservation of Energy is in effect and states that energy is neither gained nor lost, only transferred from one form to another. = The distance between the bottom of the ball before it is dropped and the ground. Factors affecting ball bounce Bouncing Ball Dribbling a Basketball and Transfer of Energy | Science Project The second stage is the point at which the ball decelerates, changes direction once it has reached the peak point, and starts falling to the ground. B) If this is an ideal scenario where energy is not lost and the ball continues to bounce infinitely, what is the distance of travel? For an infinite number of turns, another geometric sequence formula can be used. Adapted from Plangenhoef, Patterns of Human Motion. For the lower heights the flight time of the ball was extremely short and again it was difficult to move ones head over the distance from h1 to h2 in order to obtain accurate results. What principle describes the bouncing motion of a ball? Apparatus:Clamp stand, meter rule 2, table tennis ball, desk. The ball rebounds to 38 percent of its previous height and continues to fall. Your bibliography must contain sources that are available to you (at your school or local library). When you think you know what variables may be involved, think about ways to change one at a time. Air density will not change enough to affect the flight of the ball seeing as all the results will be collected during a brief period on one day. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. This will be a table tennis ball. It tells us that the ball consistently bounced to half of its drop height. Using the slope and graph, we can estimate that the ball would bounce to 0.75 m if dropped from 1.5 m and bounce to 1 m if dropped from 2 m. It is difficult to say with certainty that a ball dropped from 100 m would bounce to 50 m. That is because the heights we dropped the tennis ball from were all under 1 m, and at a much greater distance there may be other factors that would contribute to the bounce height. In this experiment you will drop a ball on a hard surface such as table and record the sounds it makes when it bounces using a computer and any sound recorder program. Controlled variables are air temperature, air flow, air pressure where you perform your tests. This would allow one to find the terminal velocity of the ball. Problem: Hypothesis: Experiment: 3. What factors affect the bounce of a dropped ball? Then when dropping the ball again eye level was kept level with the blue tack. Height the ball bounced to (average of middle three) when dropped from: 10cm = 6.7 6.7 = 66% of 10 (to the nearest percent), 20cm = 14.0 14.0 = 70% of 20 (to the nearest percent), 30cm = 22.3 22.3 = 74% of 30 (to the nearest percent).

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