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South Asian countries have poor health care systems. Afghanistan has only 2.8 physicians per 10,000 people, Bhutan 3.8, Bangladesh 5.3, and Nepal 6.5, a 10th of the number in more advanced countries. Even India, which has one of the strongest health systems in the region, has only 7.8 physicians per 10,000 people ( Rasul, 2020 ). Pakistans Benazir Bhutto became the first woman to lead a Muslim-majority democratic country, serving as prime minister from 1988 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 1996. Asians are less likely than Americans overall to live in poverty (10% vs. 13% as of 2019). Yet by 2020, the state is ascendant in South Asia. Such massive populations present economic opportunities for South Asian countries but also leave the regionone already prone to floods and heat wavesmore vulnerable to climate change and the spread of disease. Moving from corporate responsibility to impact, US Fed likely to make final interest rate hike in May, and other economy stories you need to read this week, World Economic Outlook shows economies facing high uncertainty, Mehdi Benatiya Andaloussi and Chiara Maggi, Heres what the mixed economic messages mean for business, IMF: Fiscal policy can promote economic stability and address risks to public finances, Francesca Caselli, Vitor Gaspar, Gee Hee Hong and Paulo Medas, Inflation reaches lowest point in almost two years, is affecting economies, industries and global issues, with our crowdsourced digital platform to deliver impact at scale. For instance, Nepals peace process is a model of civil war termination through a political settlement, while the Sri Lanka governments destruction of the LTTE left a trail of dead and displaced civilians. Most anti-state revolts across the subcontinent have been crushed, demobilized, or contained. Since 2000, India has faced insurgencies in three geographic areas. -- Volume 38, Number 1, March 2023, Editorial Board 06 July 2021 South Asia countries are among the most vulnerable globally to the impacts of climate change. %PDF-1.4 % -- Volume 36, Number 3, November 2021, Editorial Board Second, interstate politics are shifting in South Asia, opening the possibility of new dynamics of cross-border spillover, proxy warfare, and state sponsorship of armed groups. Figure 3 shows the sanctioned strengths of Indias two largest central police forces, the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) and Border Security Force (BSF), from 1988 to 2018.3 The BSF has a major role in J&K, and the CRPF is heavily deployed across Indias areas of insurgency; both have expanded dramatically. -- Volume 30, Number 2, July 2015, Editorial Board Previously, when all five Central Asian countriesKazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistanbelonged to the former Soviet Union, Moscow ensured that Russian language and literature were taught in schools and that Russian dominated all forms of media, despite these former Soviet republics each having their own native language. endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream Firstly, cutting the costs migrants face should be high on the policy agenda. 0000005234 00000 n In the Northeast, the 1990s saw a resurgence of violence by Naga insurgent factions in Nagaland and neighboring states, the expansion of multiple insurgencies in the state of Assam, and ongoing or new violence in the states of Manipur, Meghalaya, and Tripura. Population Problems of South Asia But how long does this pride last? Non-state armed groups can bolster rather than undermine state power. How Do Californias Asian Americans View U.S. Foreign Policy? This systematic review and meta-analysis report the pooled prevalence of CMDs among the South Asian countries. South Asia is an immensely diverse and densely populated region. ISSUES IN SOUTH ASIA - JSTOR The governments of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistanthe three richest and most populous countries in the regionwill also transition their languages away from the Russian Cyrillic script to Englishs Latin alphabet by 2025. Top 4 issues for South Asias millennials - World This is not a simple story of state capacity, however: coercive power has been deployed in selective ways, including cases in which a state ignores or cooperates with non-state armed groups, from militias to vigilantes. South Asian countries report the highest prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) globally. South Asian Americans To this end, the report offers two recommendations. Forged from a partnership between a university press and a library, Project MUSE is a trusted part of the academic and scholarly community it serves. For more details, review our .chakra .wef-12jlgmc{-webkit-transition:all 0.15s ease-out;transition:all 0.15s ease-out;cursor:pointer;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;outline:none;color:inherit;font-weight:700;}.chakra .wef-12jlgmc:hover,.chakra .wef-12jlgmc[data-hover]{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;}.chakra .wef-12jlgmc:focus,.chakra .wef-12jlgmc[data-focus]{box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(168,203,251,0.5);}privacy policy. Annika and Nehal from the That Desi Spark podcast formerly known as The Woke Desi say they began their With all this linguistic, ethnic, and political diversity, how has India stuck together as a single country for so long? The Indian state is absorbing far less damage than in the 1990s or early 2000s, though it retains a costly internal security footprint in the region. Across India, fans have built temples in honor of their most beloved stars. Produced by Johns Hopkins University Press in collaboration with The Sheridan Libraries. ;`w#O*>Brq` pdtw:E7[mEb"0pf"AEA57A{)c India, for example, is more populous than all of North America and Europe combined. This report intends to capture the current state of play of the global water justice movement in order to strengthen struggles for public and community water systems. Afghanistan is not producing national accounts statistics since August 2021, so they are excluded from the table. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is such a political complexity, which remains an economic and geopolitical power of the region. The growing size and resources of internal security forces, consolidation of powerful regimes, and changed international environment may have made rebellion increasingly unsustainable, even when political grievances remain. -- Volume 30, Number 1, March 2015, Editorial Board India is home to one billion Hindus, as well as most of the worlds Sikhs, Jains, Zoroastrians, and Bahais. -- Volume 37, Number 2, July 2022, Editorial Board South Asia: supporting gender equality and social It is home to one-quarter of the worlds population spread over just 7 percent of the worlds landmass. This unpredictability makes it at least conceivable that there could be renewed efforts by states to support rebellions in strategic areas. Since then, other than the Easter bombings by an Islamist cell in 2019, there have not been major acts of anti-state violence. With over two hundred million people, neighboring Pakistan is the sixth-most populous country in the world. Plunged into its worst-ever economic crisis, Sri Lankas real GDP is expected to fall by 9.2 percent this year and a further 4.2 percent in 2023. Top Left: Sri Lankan Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1960), Top Right: Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto (1988), Bottom Left: Nepalese President Bidhya Devi Bhandari (2016), Bottom Right: Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1971), Source: (Clockwise starting from top left) Keystone/Getty Images, Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, AFP/GettyImages, Eric Piper/Getty Images. Survey data from the report suggests that in late 2021 and early 2022, migration flows are associated with movement from areas hit hard by the pandemic to those that were not, thus helping equilibrate demand and supply of labor in the aftermath of the COVID-19 shock. -- Volume 25, Number 2, October 2010, Editorial Board Cloudflare Ray ID: 7c066082ba9642ea Despite having a long historical background, critics suggest that the social movements are increasingly contested with identity politics and agrarian issues. These gender inequalities continue into adulthood. Its massive fan base spans Africa, Central Asia, the Middle East, and even across the border in Pakistan. All of the active conflict zones remain potential areas of resurgence (for instance, the TTP has been trying to re-consolidate), but, compared to a decade ago, Pakistans security establishment has achieved a major shift in the balance of forces. -- Volume 24, Number 2, October 2009, Editorial Board In some cases, it came through bargaining and political accommodation; in others, the raw application of extremely intense violence; in still others, a long and slow process of containment that has led to a relatively low level of violence even without a real resolution of conflict. Education has a significant Create a free account and access your personalized content collection with our latest publications and analyses. South Asia consists of a remarkably diverse religious landscape. India makes more than 1,500 movies a yearalmost triple the number Hollywood producesand the cultural significance of these films cannot be understated. Click to reveal While the true number of conflict-related fatalities is difficult to ascertain, all indications suggest a sustained and quite dramatic drop in conflict-related fatalities in the Northeast. While trying to fit into a western society that prides itself on individual expression, they may find themselves navigating a culture at home where personal boundaries are blurred, and self-identity is determined by the validation of their family and community. In Pakistan, substantial violence in the southern port city of Karachi was joined by a resurgent insurgency in the southwestern province of Balochistan and an extremely bloody rebellion led by the Pakistani Taliban. Following critical discourse analysis, the paper concludes that the social movements has been shaped by the social relations dominated by the elites of the south Asian societies who share some common features in terms of culture and ideology. wL/O0jG&rR>w y]YO_W! ;Kw6A?KFkdfA&A67iug!~W\?mnbydk1KS1YQzsL0]|m By using this website, you agree to our cookie policy. Some may still follow through with their desires in secrecy, but live in a constant fear of being found out. First, violence suppression is not the same as conflict resolution. As the former Soviet Republics of Central Asia have drifted from Russia, they have looked to their own past to forge, or reassert, post-Soviet national identities. The region is characterised by rapidly changing socioeconomic scenario, fast-increasing 0000007388 00000 n Performance & security by Cloudflare. Religious discrimination, however, has often been a divisiveeven violentforce in the region. To the north, Central Asia is far less populous but has its own challenges and opportunities. The forces pursued a grim counterinsurgency policy: extrajudicial killings, disappearances, and a heavy security footprint coupled with surveillance and monitoring. It also helps adjust to shocks such as climate events to which South Asias rural poor are particularly vulnerable, said Hans Timmer, World Bank Chief Economist for South Asia. The figures show that in J&K and the Northeast, the late 1990s and early 2000s saw intense conflict. The Indian Army also has an important presence in J&K and the Northeast, contributing to a vast security footprint that can suppress insurgent violence. According to a 2021 survey, just 10% of Indian Americans identified as "South Asian American", with "Indian" and "Indian American" making up the lion's share at 67%. Issues like water scarcity, poverty, food insecurity, resource depletion, climate change, environmental degradation, inadequacy of health services, and so forth directly affect millions of South Asians. All rights reserved. Social movements in southern Asia have been shaped by the social relations dominated by the elites of the south Asian societies who share some common features in AoDCkso:DQ2 " Yet a peace process emerged that eventually led to the CPN-Ms demobilization and the Maoists incorporation into mainstream electoral politics. 2023 Project MUSE. Pandemics, sudden swings in global liquidity and commodity prices, and extreme weather disasters were once tail-end risks. Nevertheless, the landscape of political violence in much of the region is strikingly different in 2020 than in years like 2004 or 2010. First, important insurgencies still continue in the region, even if they are diminished in intensity, while ideologies, inequalities, and forms of resistance persist that can be mobilized against state power. In another film, PK, an alien wanders around India confused by the countrys variousand seemingly incompatiblereligions. Deaths from Diarrheal Diseases. In a number of cases, a self-sustaining, pro-state political order remains distant, and the security apparatus is instead needed to deter or contain resistance. -- Volume 32, Number 3, November 2017, Editorial Board -- Volume 34, Number 2, July 2019, Editorial Board 0000008464 00000 n (Clockwise starting from top left) Keystone/Getty Images, Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, AFP/GettyImages, Eric Piper/Getty Images, How the World Works and Sometimes Doesnt, Return to WebContemporary South Asia (1992), 1(1), 143-146 Commentary Challenges and opportunities for South Asia M. B. NAQVI The destruction of both communism and the Soviet state in what was the USSR has profoundly changed the geopolitical environment of South Asia. After devastating climate-change-fueled floods submerged one-third of the country this year, itsoutlook remains subject to significant uncertainty. With this knowledge, they can identify some of the early signs of mental health issues. endstream endobj 74 0 obj <> endobj 75 0 obj <> endobj 76 0 obj <>stream 0000003220 00000 n Suppressing violence is not necessarily the same as resolving conflict. WASHINGTON, October 6, 2022Beset with Sri Lankas economic crisis, Pakistans catastrophic floods, a global slowdown, and impacts of the war in Ukraine, South Asia faces an unprecedented combination of shocks on top of the lingering scars of the COVID-19 pandemic. 0000033910 00000 n IN SOUTH ASIA -- Volume 29, Number 1, March 2014, Editorial Board Two prominent causes of family conflict arise when South Asian adolescents and young adults wish to start dating or pursue a career that is discerned to be unacceptable by the parents. A weekly update of the most important issues driving the global agenda. Nature-Society relations provide the foundation for social, economic, political, and environmental problems. Using cross-country regressions and aggregate indicators of poverty, health, education and gender parity outcomes, we offer Many studies have shown that South Asian immigrants in Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom experience high rates of mental health disorders, sometimes higher than their peers. endstream endobj 79 0 obj <>stream South Asians in Canada have reported some of the highest mental health issues this year. Yet there are reasons to be cautious in concluding that there has been an irreversible transformation. Yet, in some countries, ideas about gender are evolving. South Asians seeking psychological services often feel misunderstood by health-care providers and then get discouraged from getting further help. 0000007939 00000 n The reliability of data from this conflict environment is extremely limited: disappearances, dubious claims about the identity of the dead, extensive human rights abuses, and restricted media and NGO access have been characteristics of the last three decades. -- Volume 32, Number 1, March 2017, Editorial Board You are leaving the website for the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy and entering a website for another of Carnegie's global centers. Third, even noninsurgent violence has the potential to spiral into broader conflict. Yet extrapolating confidently from this trend is dangerous: the politics of the region are too dynamic to assume continuity. The action you just performed triggered the security solution. -- Volume 30, Number 3, November 2015, Editorial Board South 2715 North Charles StreetBaltimore, Maryland, USA 21218. 6 Environmental Challenges Facing Southeast Asia The state is resurgent, and insurgencies have been eliminated or contained. Unlike in the Northeast, there has been an uptick in conflict-related fatalities in the second half of the decade rather than a continued decrease. For example, the TTP is alleged to be regrouping in Afghanistan, Pakistan claims that India is supporting Baloch rebels, the Taliban operates out of Pakistan, India focuses on Pakistans long history of support for terrorist and militant groups, and Indian media signals concern about Chinese backing for insurgents in the Northeast. As a result, millions of people from Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan looking for work traveled north to Russia, where wages were higher, jobs were plentiful, and the language was familiar.

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