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Social Media and Globalization: Positive and Negative Effects Essay They also suffer from bad health conditions such as low life expectancy, communicable diseases, and high mortality rates according to MDG indexes given above. According to the United Nations, achieving sustainable development goals requires global cooperation and partnership. Journal of economic perspectives, 20(3), 97120. BMJ, 311(7015), 12821285. Is trade good for your health? The test statistic obtained from Swamys model is improved by Pesaran et al. They are said to follow a recognizable lifestyle, are instantly identifiable anywhere in the world, and feel more comfortable in each others presence than they do among their less-sophisticated compatriots. Healthy people have higher opportunities to earn a higher income than unhealthy people. A., Olasehinde-Williams, G., & Etokakpan, M. U. Particularly rising sexual tourism and migrant sex workers increase the spread of sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV/AIDS. Our results show that a higher level of per capita income is positively associated with higher levels of life expectancy. Globalization can simply be defined as the process of international integration which has economic, social, and political dimensions (Dreher 2006). Social globalization enables people in very remote areas of the world to communicate with each other, while political globalization forces governments to be transparent about infectious diseases. But today there are improved treatment methods to solve these problems. Welander et al. Firstly, we . 2014). International Journal of Health Services, 36(4), 767786. What is globalization? Positive and Negative Effects of - Marketing91 As a result, the positive effects are visible, since global competition leads to products of high quality. To answer this question, the role of economic, social, and political globalization and democracy in life expectancy in those countries is empirically investigated. Put simply, globalization is the connection of different parts of the world. The advantages of globalization are actually much like the advantages of technological improvement. Following this study, Tausch (2015) analyzed the role of globalization in life expectancy in 99 countries. With economic globalization, increased economic activity may lead to urbanization. The Pros of Globalization A number of positive aspects of globalization include: Building up the economic and social structures of struggling countries and economies through free trade Creation of world power and less and less compartmentalized power sectors Learning about and sharing of new and interesting cultures with one another In general, globalization decreases the cost of manufacturing. (2006). Poverty is detrimental to access to health services. Propelled by the efficiency or appeal of wireless communications, electronic commerce, popular culture, and international travel, globalization has been seen as a trend toward homogeneity that . In addition, democracy improves child health and it also increases the beneficial effects of globalization on child health. Indian-born anthropologist Arjun Appadurai has studied English-speaking professionals who trace their origins to South Asia but who live and work elsewhere. For example, many software engineers and Internet entrepreneurs who live and work in Silicon Valley, California, maintain homes inand strong social ties toIndian states such as Maharashtra and Punjab. However, some countries still suffer from poor adaption to global markets. Second, although rapidly increasing consumption options and diversity are known as welfare indicators, they also can cause stress which is known as an important determinant of many diseases both psychological and physical (Cutler et al. The main question of our study is to determine whether the problem of low life expectancy in low-income countries is due to the low levels of globalization and weak political institutions in these countries. If a media asset is downloadable, a download button appears in the corner of the media viewer. Owen, A. L., & Wu, S. (2007). Globally, HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria targets have been met. Therefore, in order to determine the existence of a long-run relationship, we applied Westerlund and Edgerton (2007) panel cointegration test. The human rights approach focuses on how globalization affected disadvantaged people worldwide (Chapman 2009). Given that globalisation is here to stay, it is . Among the macrotrends listed, businesses predict the strongest net job-creation effect to be driven by investments that facilitate the green transition of businesses, the broader application of ESG standards and supply chains becoming more localized, albeit with job growth offset by . 2011). Positive And Negative Impacts Of Globalization On Culture There is a long-run relationship between life expectancy, globalization, democracy, and GDP per capita. Improved fiscal policies within countries and international trade agreements between them also facilitate globalization. Google Scholar. In the selection of panel data estimation methods, the results of those preliminary analysis are taken into account. Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life. Trade openness is one of the most important dimensions of globalization. Haliselik, E., & Soytas, M. A. This aspect of globalization shows that not all change is good because although foreign trade has been created and expanded allowing the exchange of goods throughout the world, it is also the cause of the increase in tariff rates in many developing countries. Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Globalization also gives organizations the opportunity to take advantage of lower labor costs in developing countries, while leveraging the technical expertise and experience of more developed economies.With globalization, different parts of a product may be made in different regions of the world. The current version of the data published by the Swiss Economic Institute is revised by Gygli et al. Globalization is affecting every facet of our lives, positively and negatively. Democracy also increases life expectancy in those countries. At the same time, democratic institutions are not developed. This is because globalization enables economies to compete fairly at all levels, hence attracting investors. However, the assumption that the number of common factors (k) is known cannot be satisfied in practice (Westerlund, 2007). The International journal of health planning and management, 31(4), 511536. 4. Editor of. The changes created by social and political globalization play a major role in this emergence. Pesaran, M. H. (2007). The authors used nonlinear time series analysis methods utilizing the data of 16 Sub-Saharan African countries over the period 19702012. According to the results, the globalization index and its subcomponents such as economic, social, and political globalization are important instruments to achieve a healthier society. Thus, resources can be allocated to solve important public issues such as quality of life, communicable diseases, and mortality. These include improving international resource mobility, helping developing countries to attain debt sustainability, promoting the transfer of information and technology between developed and developing countries, an open and rule-based free trade system, encouraging publicprivate and civil society partnerships, increasing transparency and accountability, and high quality and reliable data (United Nations 2019). New York: Knopf. Globalization, economic freedom, and human rights. Canadian Journal of Development Studies/Revue canadienne dtudes du dveloppement, 20(1), 929. In Eq. Globalization has long been used by the automotive industry, for instance, where different parts of a car may be manufactured in different countries. The impact of economic, social and political globalization indexes is 0.013%, 0.011%, and 0.015% according to CUP-FM estimation results while 0.014%, 0.012%, and 0.017% according to both estimators, respectively. Economic Modelling, 37, 386394. cultural globalization, phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, reflects a standardization of cultural expressions around the world. Westerlund (2007) showed that the estimation of k provides better results compared to CUP-FM estimator assuming k is known. The results are shown in Table 4. It also offers broader opportunities for entrepreneurs and paves the way for innovation (Grossman and Helpman 2015: 101). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. (2011). Good for living? Following the European exploration of the New World, globalization occurred on a grand scale; the widespread transfer of plants, animals, foods, cultures, and ideas became known as the Columbian Exchange. \({\stackrel{\sim }{\Delta }}_{adj}\) is a bias-adjusted version of \(\stackrel{\sim }{\Delta }\). Globalization has improved the quality of life for people in several countries by enabling access to better and more affordable technologies, products and services. This method considers cross-sectional dependence and provides robust results in small samples (Westerlund and Edgerton, 2007). Finally, gdp is real GDP per capita (constant 2010 $) and it is provided from World Bank World Development Indicators. Their analysis includes annual data from 168 countries covering the period 19602010. 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The author suggested the estimation of k using an information criterion as. Second, the panel data analyses are based on the first-generation estimators that assume cross-sectional independence. If the calculated CIPS statistic exceeds the critical value, it means that the unit root hypothesis is rejected. Life expectancy at birth data is provided by World Bank (2019)World Development Indicators. After the preliminary analysis of unit root, the existence of a long-run relationship between the variables in our model will be investigated via Westerlund and Edgerton (2007) cointegration test. This leads to the reallocation of resources to solve the primary problems of the society. (2006). However, it was emphasized that some sub-goals should be realized in order to reach this goal. (2000). World Development Indicators. Ali A, & Audi M (2016). The United Nations (2019). According to Freedom Houses list of electoral democracies, the countries without electoral democracy are mostly the low-income countries in the Middle East, North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Southeast Asia (Freedom House 2019). In order to solve the health problems of the poor, people should draw the attention of the government. Grossman, G. M., & Helpman, E. (2015). World Bank Income Groups MDGs Index Values in 2015. Tausch, A. Income distribution and life expectancy: A critical appraisal. The long-run estimation results given in Table 5 show that overall, economic, social, and political globalization are positively associated with life expectancy at 1% significance level according to both CUP-FM and BA-OLS estimators. Journal of applied econometrics, 22(2), 265312. The only way to access that knowledge and these drugs are trade and integration between developed and underdeveloped countries. However, according to Kabir (2008), people living in an urban area can benefit from improved medical care, easy access to pharmacy, and to the hospitals that use higher technology. Impact of globalization in south africa. The Impact of Globalization Free trade opportunities between countries help avoid business complications. Globalization, government ideology, and income inequality in developing countries. Australian Economic Papers, 58(4), 444479. The source of this problem encountered in panel data analysis is the economic, financial, and political integration among countries (Menyah et al. OECD Economic Studies, 1, 5378. This method is based on the following equation, where \({n}_{ij}\) is an independent and identically distributed process with zero mean and var(\({n}_{ij})\)=\({{\sigma }_{i}}^{2}\). Applied economics, 38(10), 10911110. In our empirical work, economic, social, and political globalization and democracy variables were used as proxies of the subcomponents of SDG17. This method is an augmented form of Augmented DickeyFuller (ADF) regression with lagged cross-sectional average and its first difference to deal with cross-sectional dependence (Baltagi, 2008: 249). It increases the number of international organizations in which a country is a member.
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